// Backbone.js 1.1.2
// (c) 2010-2014 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors
// Backbone may be freely distributed under the MIT license. // For all details and documentation: //(function(root, factory) {
// Set up Backbone appropriately for the environment. Start with AMD.
if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) { define(['underscore', 'jquery', 'exports'], function(_, $, exports) { // Export global even in AMD case in case this script is loaded with // others that may still expect a global Backbone. root.Backbone = factory(root, exports, _, $); });// Next for Node.js or CommonJS. jQuery may not be needed as a module.
} else if (typeof exports !== 'undefined') { var _ = require('underscore'); factory(root, exports, _);// Finally, as a browser global.
} else { root.Backbone = factory(root, {}, root._, (root.jQuery || root.Zepto || root.ender || root.$)); }}(this, function(root, Backbone, _, $) {
// Initial Setup
// -------------// Save the previous value of the Backbone variable, so that it can be
noConflict is used. var previousBackbone = root.Backbone; // Create local references to array methods we'll want to use later.
var array = []; var push = array.push; var slice = array.slice; var splice = array.splice;// Current version of the library. Keep in sync with package.json.
// For Backbone's purposes, jQuery, Zepto, Ender, or My Library (kidding) owns
// the$ variable. Backbone.$ = $; // Runs Backbone.js in noConflict mode, returning the Backbone variable
// Turn on emulateHTTP to support legacy HTTP servers. Setting this option
"PATCH", "PUT" and "DELETE" requests via the _method parameter and // set a X-Http-Method-Override header. Backbone.emulateHTTP = false; // Turn on emulateJSON to support legacy servers that can't deal with direct
application/json requests ... will encode the body as // application/x-www-form-urlencoded instead and will send the model in a // form param named model. Backbone.emulateJSON = false; // Backbone.Events
// ---------------// A module that can be mixed in to any object in order to provide it with
// custom events. You may bind withon or remove with off callback // functions to an event; trigger-ing an event fires all callbacks in // succession. // // var object = {}; // _.extend(object, Backbone.Events); // object.on('expand', function(){ alert('expanded'); }); // object.trigger('expand'); // var Events = Backbone.Events = { // Bind an event to a `callback` function. Passing `"all"` will bind// the callback to all events fired.on: function(name, callback, context) { if (!eventsApi(this, 'on', name, [callback, context]) || !callback) return this; this._events || (this._events = {}); var events = this._events[name] || (this._events[name] = []); events.push({callback: callback, context: context, ctx: context || this}); return this;},// Bind an event to only be triggered a single time. After the first time// the callback is invoked, it will be removed.once: function(name, callback, context) { if (!eventsApi(this, 'once', name, [callback, context]) || !callback) return this; var self = this; var once = _.once(function() { self.off(name, once); callback.apply(this, arguments); }); once._callback = callback; return this.on(name, once, context);},// Remove one or many callbacks. If `context` is null, removes all// callbacks with that function. If `callback` is null, removes all// callbacks for the event. If `name` is null, removes all bound// callbacks for all events.off: function(name, callback, context) { var retain, ev, events, names, i, l, j, k; if (!this._events || !eventsApi(this, 'off', name, [callback, context])) return this; if (!name && !callback && !context) { this._events = void 0; return this; } names = name ? [name] : _.keys(this._events); for (i = 0, l = names.length; i < l; i++) { name = names[i]; if (events = this._events[name]) { this._events[name] = retain = []; if (callback || context) { for (j = 0, k = events.length; j < k; j++) { ev = events[j]; if ((callback && callback !== ev.callback && callback !== ev.callback._callback) || (context && context !== ev.context)) { retain.push(ev); } } } if (!retain.length) delete this._events[name]; } } return this;},// Trigger one or many events, firing all bound callbacks. Callbacks are// passed the same arguments as `trigger` is, apart from the event name// (unless you're listening on `"all"`, which will cause your callback to// receive the true name of the event as the first argument).trigger: function(name) { if (!this._events) return this; var args = slice.call(arguments, 1); if (!eventsApi(this, 'trigger', name, args)) return this; var events = this._events[name]; var allEvents = this._events.all; if (events) triggerEvents(events, args); if (allEvents) triggerEvents(allEvents, arguments); return this;},// Tell this object to stop listening to either specific events ... or// to every object it's currently listening to.stopListening: function(obj, name, callback) { var listeningTo = this._listeningTo; if (!listeningTo) return this; var remove = !name && !callback; if (!callback && typeof name === 'object') callback = this; if (obj) (listeningTo = {})[obj._listenId] = obj; for (var id in listeningTo) { obj = listeningTo[id]; obj.off(name, callback, this); if (remove || _.isEmpty(obj._events)) delete this._listeningTo[id]; } return this;} };
// Regular expression used to split event strings.
var eventSplitter = /\s+/;// Implement fancy features of the Events API such as multiple event
// names"change blur" and jQuery-style event maps {change: action} // in terms of the existing API. var eventsApi = function(obj, action, name, rest) { if (!name) return true; // Handle event maps.if (typeof name === 'object') { for (var key in name) { obj[action].apply(obj, [key, name[key]].concat(rest)); } return false;}// Handle space separated event names.if (eventSplitter.test(name)) { var names = name.split(eventSplitter); for (var i = 0, l = names.length; i < l; i++) { obj[action].apply(obj, [names[i]].concat(rest)); } return false;}return true; };
// A difficult-to-believe, but optimized internal dispatch function for
// triggering events. Tries to keep the usual cases speedy (most internal // Backbone events have 3 arguments). var triggerEvents = function(events, args) { var ev, i = -1, l = events.length, a1 = args[0], a2 = args[1], a3 = args[2]; switch (args.length) { case 0: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx); return; case 1: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1); return; case 2: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2); return; case 3: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.call(ev.ctx, a1, a2, a3); return; default: while (++i < l) (ev = events[i]).callback.apply(ev.ctx, args); return; } };var listenMethods = {listenTo: 'on', listenToOnce: 'once'};
// Inversion-of-control versions of on and once. Tell this object to
// Aliases for backwards compatibility.
Events.bind = Events.on; Events.unbind = Events.off;// Allow the Backbone object to serve as a global event bus, for folks who
// Backbone.Model
// --------------// Backbone Models are the basic data object in the framework --
// frequently representing a row in a table in a database on your server. // A discrete chunk of data and a bunch of useful, related methods for // performing computations and transformations on that data.// Create a new model with the specified attributes. A client id (cid)
// Attach all inheritable methods to the Model prototype.
_.extend(Model.prototype, Events, {// A hash of attributes whose current and previous value differ.changed: null,// The value returned during the last failed validation.validationError: null,// The default name for the JSON `id` attribute is `"id"`. MongoDB and// CouchDB users may want to set this to `"_id"`.idAttribute: 'id',// Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own// initialization logic.initialize: function(){},// Return a copy of the model's `attributes` object.toJSON: function(options) { return _.clone(this.attributes);},// Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default -- but override this if you need// custom syncing semantics for *this* particular model.sync: function() { return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments);},// Get the value of an attribute.get: function(attr) { return this.attributes[attr];},// Get the HTML-escaped value of an attribute.escape: function(attr) { return _.escape(this.get(attr));},// Returns `true` if the attribute contains a value that is not null// or undefined.has: function(attr) { return this.get(attr) != null;},// Set a hash of model attributes on the object, firing `"change"`. This is// the core primitive operation of a model, updating the data and notifying// anyone who needs to know about the change in state. The heart of the beast.set: function(key, val, options) { var attr, attrs, unset, changes, silent, changing, prev, current; if (key == null) return this; // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments. if (typeof key === 'object') { attrs = key; options = val; } else { (attrs = {})[key] = val; } options || (options = {}); // Run validation. if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false; // Extract attributes and options. unset = options.unset; silent = options.silent; changes = []; changing = this._changing; this._changing = true; if (!changing) { this._previousAttributes = _.clone(this.attributes); this.changed = {}; } current = this.attributes, prev = this._previousAttributes; // Check for changes of `id`. if (this.idAttribute in attrs) this.id = attrs[this.idAttribute]; // For each `set` attribute, update or delete the current value. for (attr in attrs) { val = attrs[attr]; if (!_.isEqual(current[attr], val)) changes.push(attr); if (!_.isEqual(prev[attr], val)) { this.changed[attr] = val; } else { delete this.changed[attr]; } unset ? delete current[attr] : current[attr] = val; } // Trigger all relevant attribute changes. if (!silent) { if (changes.length) this._pending = options; for (var i = 0, l = changes.length; i < l; i++) { this.trigger('change:' + changes[i], this, current[changes[i]], options); } } // You might be wondering why there's a `while` loop here. Changes can // be recursively nested within `"change"` events. if (changing) return this; if (!silent) { while (this._pending) { options = this._pending; this._pending = false; this.trigger('change', this, options); } } this._pending = false; this._changing = false; return this;},// Remove an attribute from the model, firing `"change"`. `unset` is a noop// if the attribute doesn't exist.unset: function(attr, options) { return this.set(attr, void 0, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true}));},// Clear all attributes on the model, firing `"change"`.clear: function(options) { var attrs = {}; for (var key in this.attributes) attrs[key] = void 0; return this.set(attrs, _.extend({}, options, {unset: true}));},// Determine if the model has changed since the last `"change"` event.// If you specify an attribute name, determine if that attribute has changed.hasChanged: function(attr) { if (attr == null) return !_.isEmpty(this.changed); return _.has(this.changed, attr);},// Return an object containing all the attributes that have changed, or// false if there are no changed attributes. Useful for determining what// parts of a view need to be updated and/or what attributes need to be// persisted to the server. Unset attributes will be set to undefined.// You can also pass an attributes object to diff against the model,// determining if there *would be* a change.changedAttributes: function(diff) { if (!diff) return this.hasChanged() ? _.clone(this.changed) : false; var val, changed = false; var old = this._changing ? this._previousAttributes : this.attributes; for (var attr in diff) { if (_.isEqual(old[attr], (val = diff[attr]))) continue; (changed || (changed = {}))[attr] = val; } return changed;},// Get the previous value of an attribute, recorded at the time the last// `"change"` event was fired.previous: function(attr) { if (attr == null || !this._previousAttributes) return null; return this._previousAttributes[attr];},// Get all of the attributes of the model at the time of the previous// `"change"` event.previousAttributes: function() { return _.clone(this._previousAttributes);},// Fetch the model from the server. If the server's representation of the// model differs from its current attributes, they will be overridden,// triggering a `"change"` event.fetch: function(options) { options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; if (options.parse === void 0) options.parse = true; var model = this; var success = options.success; options.success = function(resp) { if (!model.set(model.parse(resp, options), options)) return false; if (success) success(model, resp, options); model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options); }; wrapError(this, options); return this.sync('read', this, options);},// Set a hash of model attributes, and sync the model to the server.// If the server returns an attributes hash that differs, the model's// state will be `set` again.save: function(key, val, options) { var attrs, method, xhr, attributes = this.attributes; // Handle both `"key", value` and `{key: value}` -style arguments. if (key == null || typeof key === 'object') { attrs = key; options = val; } else { (attrs = {})[key] = val; } options = _.extend({validate: true}, options); // If we're not waiting and attributes exist, save acts as // `set(attr).save(null, opts)` with validation. Otherwise, check if // the model will be valid when the attributes, if any, are set. if (attrs && !options.wait) { if (!this.set(attrs, options)) return false; } else { if (!this._validate(attrs, options)) return false; } // Set temporary attributes if `{wait: true}`. if (attrs && options.wait) { this.attributes = _.extend({}, attributes, attrs); } // After a successful server-side save, the client is (optionally) // updated with the server-side state. if (options.parse === void 0) options.parse = true; var model = this; var success = options.success; options.success = function(resp) { // Ensure attributes are restored during synchronous saves. model.attributes = attributes; var serverAttrs = model.parse(resp, options); if (options.wait) serverAttrs = _.extend(attrs || {}, serverAttrs); if (_.isObject(serverAttrs) && !model.set(serverAttrs, options)) { return false; } if (success) success(model, resp, options); model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options); }; wrapError(this, options); method = this.isNew() ? 'create' : (options.patch ? 'patch' : 'update'); if (method === 'patch') options.attrs = attrs; xhr = this.sync(method, this, options); // Restore attributes. if (attrs && options.wait) this.attributes = attributes; return xhr;},// Destroy this model on the server if it was already persisted.// Optimistically removes the model from its collection, if it has one.// If `wait: true` is passed, waits for the server to respond before removal.destroy: function(options) { options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; var model = this; var success = options.success; var destroy = function() { model.trigger('destroy', model, model.collection, options); }; options.success = function(resp) { if (options.wait || model.isNew()) destroy(); if (success) success(model, resp, options); if (!model.isNew()) model.trigger('sync', model, resp, options); }; if (this.isNew()) { options.success(); return false; } wrapError(this, options); var xhr = this.sync('delete', this, options); if (!options.wait) destroy(); return xhr;},// Default URL for the model's representation on the server -- if you're// using Backbone's restful methods, override this to change the endpoint// that will be called.url: function() { var base = _.result(this, 'urlRoot') || _.result(this.collection, 'url') || urlError(); if (this.isNew()) return base; return base.replace(/([^\/])$/, '$1/') + encodeURIComponent(this.id);},// **parse** converts a response into the hash of attributes to be `set` on// the model. The default implementation is just to pass the response along.parse: function(resp, options) { return resp;},// Create a new model with identical attributes to this one.clone: function() { return new this.constructor(this.attributes);},// A model is new if it has never been saved to the server, and lacks an id.isNew: function() { return !this.has(this.idAttribute);},// Check if the model is currently in a valid state.isValid: function(options) { return this._validate({}, _.extend(options || {}, { validate: true }));},// Run validation against the next complete set of model attributes,// returning `true` if all is well. Otherwise, fire an `"invalid"` event._validate: function(attrs, options) { if (!options.validate || !this.validate) return true; attrs = _.extend({}, this.attributes, attrs); var error = this.validationError = this.validate(attrs, options) || null; if (!error) return true; this.trigger('invalid', this, error, _.extend(options, {validationError: error})); return false;} });
// Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Model.
var modelMethods = ['keys', 'values', 'pairs', 'invert', 'pick', 'omit'];// Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to Model#attributes.
// Backbone.Collection
// -------------------// If models tend to represent a single row of data, a Backbone Collection is
// more analagous to a table full of data ... or a small slice or page of that // table, or a collection of rows that belong together for a particular reason // -- all of the messages in this particular folder, all of the documents // belonging to this particular author, and so on. Collections maintain // indexes of their models, both in order, and for lookup byid. // Create a new Collection, perhaps to contain a specific type of model.
comparator is specified, the Collection will maintain // its models in sort order, as they're added and removed. var Collection = Backbone.Collection = function(models, options) { options || (options = {}); if (options.model) this.model = options.model; if (options.comparator !== void 0) this.comparator = options.comparator; this._reset(); this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); if (models) this.reset(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options)); }; // Default options for Collection#set.
// Define the Collection's inheritable methods.
_.extend(Collection.prototype, Events, {// The default model for a collection is just a **Backbone.Model**.// This should be overridden in most cases.model: Model,// Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own// initialization logic.initialize: function(){},// The JSON representation of a Collection is an array of the// models' attributes.toJSON: function(options) { return this.map(function(model){ return model.toJSON(options); });},// Proxy `Backbone.sync` by default.sync: function() { return Backbone.sync.apply(this, arguments);},// Add a model, or list of models to the set.add: function(models, options) { return this.set(models, _.extend({merge: false}, options, addOptions));},// Remove a model, or a list of models from the set.remove: function(models, options) { var singular = !_.isArray(models); models = singular ? [models] : _.clone(models); options || (options = {}); var i, l, index, model; for (i = 0, l = models.length; i < l; i++) { model = models[i] = this.get(models[i]); if (!model) continue; delete this._byId[model.id]; delete this._byId[model.cid]; index = this.indexOf(model); this.models.splice(index, 1); this.length--; if (!options.silent) { options.index = index; model.trigger('remove', model, this, options); } this._removeReference(model, options); } return singular ? models[0] : models;},// Update a collection by `set`-ing a new list of models, adding new ones,// removing models that are no longer present, and merging models that// already exist in the collection, as necessary. Similar to **Model#set**,// the core operation for updating the data contained by the collection.set: function(models, options) { options = _.defaults({}, options, setOptions); if (options.parse) models = this.parse(models, options); var singular = !_.isArray(models); models = singular ? (models ? [models] : []) : _.clone(models); var i, l, id, model, attrs, existing, sort; var at = options.at; var targetModel = this.model; var sortable = this.comparator && (at == null) && options.sort !== false; var sortAttr = _.isString(this.comparator) ? this.comparator : null; var toAdd = [], toRemove = [], modelMap = {}; var add = options.add, merge = options.merge, remove = options.remove; var order = !sortable && add && remove ? [] : false; // Turn bare objects into model references, and prevent invalid models // from being added. for (i = 0, l = models.length; i < l; i++) { attrs = models[i] || {}; if (attrs instanceof Model) { id = model = attrs; } else { id = attrs[targetModel.prototype.idAttribute || 'id']; } // If a duplicate is found, prevent it from being added and // optionally merge it into the existing model. if (existing = this.get(id)) { if (remove) modelMap[existing.cid] = true; if (merge) { attrs = attrs === model ? model.attributes : attrs; if (options.parse) attrs = existing.parse(attrs, options); existing.set(attrs, options); if (sortable && !sort && existing.hasChanged(sortAttr)) sort = true; } models[i] = existing; // If this is a new, valid model, push it to the `toAdd` list. } else if (add) { model = models[i] = this._prepareModel(attrs, options); if (!model) continue; toAdd.push(model); this._addReference(model, options); } // Do not add multiple models with the same `id`. model = existing || model; if (order && (model.isNew() || !modelMap[model.id])) order.push(model); modelMap[model.id] = true; } // Remove nonexistent models if appropriate. if (remove) { for (i = 0, l = this.length; i < l; ++i) { if (!modelMap[(model = this.models[i]).cid]) toRemove.push(model); } if (toRemove.length) this.remove(toRemove, options); } // See if sorting is needed, update `length` and splice in new models. if (toAdd.length || (order && order.length)) { if (sortable) sort = true; this.length += toAdd.length; if (at != null) { for (i = 0, l = toAdd.length; i < l; i++) { this.models.splice(at + i, 0, toAdd[i]); } } else { if (order) this.models.length = 0; var orderedModels = order || toAdd; for (i = 0, l = orderedModels.length; i < l; i++) { this.models.push(orderedModels[i]); } } } // Silently sort the collection if appropriate. if (sort) this.sort({silent: true}); // Unless silenced, it's time to fire all appropriate add/sort events. if (!options.silent) { for (i = 0, l = toAdd.length; i < l; i++) { (model = toAdd[i]).trigger('add', model, this, options); } if (sort || (order && order.length)) this.trigger('sort', this, options); } // Return the added (or merged) model (or models). return singular ? models[0] : models;},// When you have more items than you want to add or remove individually,// you can reset the entire set with a new list of models, without firing// any granular `add` or `remove` events. Fires `reset` when finished.// Useful for bulk operations and optimizations.reset: function(models, options) { options || (options = {}); for (var i = 0, l = this.models.length; i < l; i++) { this._removeReference(this.models[i], options); } options.previousModels = this.models; this._reset(); models = this.add(models, _.extend({silent: true}, options)); if (!options.silent) this.trigger('reset', this, options); return models;},// Add a model to the end of the collection.push: function(model, options) { return this.add(model, _.extend({at: this.length}, options));},// Remove a model from the end of the collection.pop: function(options) { var model = this.at(this.length - 1); this.remove(model, options); return model;},// Add a model to the beginning of the collection.unshift: function(model, options) { return this.add(model, _.extend({at: 0}, options));},// Remove a model from the beginning of the collection.shift: function(options) { var model = this.at(0); this.remove(model, options); return model;},// Slice out a sub-array of models from the collection.slice: function() { return slice.apply(this.models, arguments);},// Get a model from the set by id.get: function(obj) { if (obj == null) return void 0; return this._byId[obj] || this._byId[obj.id] || this._byId[obj.cid];},// Get the model at the given index.at: function(index) { return this.models[index];},// Return models with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases of// `filter`.where: function(attrs, first) { if (_.isEmpty(attrs)) return first ? void 0 : []; return this[first ? 'find' : 'filter'](function(model) { for (var key in attrs) { if (attrs[key] !== model.get(key)) return false; } return true; });},// Return the first model with matching attributes. Useful for simple cases// of `find`.findWhere: function(attrs) { return this.where(attrs, true);},// Force the collection to re-sort itself. You don't need to call this under// normal circumstances, as the set will maintain sort order as each item// is added.sort: function(options) { if (!this.comparator) throw new Error('Cannot sort a set without a comparator'); options || (options = {}); // Run sort based on type of `comparator`. if (_.isString(this.comparator) || this.comparator.length === 1) { this.models = this.sortBy(this.comparator, this); } else { this.models.sort(_.bind(this.comparator, this)); } if (!options.silent) this.trigger('sort', this, options); return this;},// Pluck an attribute from each model in the collection.pluck: function(attr) { return _.invoke(this.models, 'get', attr);},// Fetch the default set of models for this collection, resetting the// collection when they arrive. If `reset: true` is passed, the response// data will be passed through the `reset` method instead of `set`.fetch: function(options) { options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; if (options.parse === void 0) options.parse = true; var success = options.success; var collection = this; options.success = function(resp) { var method = options.reset ? 'reset' : 'set'; collection[method](resp, options); if (success) success(collection, resp, options); collection.trigger('sync', collection, resp, options); }; wrapError(this, options); return this.sync('read', this, options);},// Create a new instance of a model in this collection. Add the model to the// collection immediately, unless `wait: true` is passed, in which case we// wait for the server to agree.create: function(model, options) { options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; if (!(model = this._prepareModel(model, options))) return false; if (!options.wait) this.add(model, options); var collection = this; var success = options.success; options.success = function(model, resp) { if (options.wait) collection.add(model, options); if (success) success(model, resp, options); }; model.save(null, options); return model;},// **parse** converts a response into a list of models to be added to the// collection. The default implementation is just to pass it through.parse: function(resp, options) { return resp;},// Create a new collection with an identical list of models as this one.clone: function() { return new this.constructor(this.models);},// Private method to reset all internal state. Called when the collection// is first initialized or reset._reset: function() { this.length = 0; this.models = []; this._byId = {};},// Prepare a hash of attributes (or other model) to be added to this// collection._prepareModel: function(attrs, options) { if (attrs instanceof Model) return attrs; options = options ? _.clone(options) : {}; options.collection = this; var model = new this.model(attrs, options); if (!model.validationError) return model; this.trigger('invalid', this, model.validationError, options); return false;},// Internal method to create a model's ties to a collection._addReference: function(model, options) { this._byId[model.cid] = model; if (model.id != null) this._byId[model.id] = model; if (!model.collection) model.collection = this; model.on('all', this._onModelEvent, this);},// Internal method to sever a model's ties to a collection._removeReference: function(model, options) { if (this === model.collection) delete model.collection; model.off('all', this._onModelEvent, this);},// Internal method called every time a model in the set fires an event.// Sets need to update their indexes when models change ids. All other// events simply proxy through. "add" and "remove" events that originate// in other collections are ignored._onModelEvent: function(event, model, collection, options) { if ((event === 'add' || event === 'remove') && collection !== this) return; if (event === 'destroy') this.remove(model, options); if (model && event === 'change:' + model.idAttribute) { delete this._byId[model.previous(model.idAttribute)]; if (model.id != null) this._byId[model.id] = model; } this.trigger.apply(this, arguments);} });
// Underscore methods that we want to implement on the Collection.
// 90% of the core usefulness of Backbone Collections is actually implemented // right here: var methods = ['forEach', 'each', 'map', 'collect', 'reduce', 'foldl', 'inject', 'reduceRight', 'foldr', 'find', 'detect', 'filter', 'select', 'reject', 'every', 'all', 'some', 'any', 'include', 'contains', 'invoke', 'max', 'min', 'toArray', 'size', 'first', 'head', 'take', 'initial', 'rest', 'tail', 'drop', 'last', 'without', 'difference', 'indexOf', 'shuffle', 'lastIndexOf', 'isEmpty', 'chain', 'sample'];// Mix in each Underscore method as a proxy to Collection#models.
// Underscore methods that take a property name as an argument.
var attributeMethods = ['groupBy', 'countBy', 'sortBy', 'indexBy'];// Use attributes instead of properties.
_.each(attributeMethods, function(method) { Collection.prototype[method] = function(value, context) { var iterator = _.isFunction(value) ? value : function(model) { return model.get(value); }; return _[method](this.models, iterator, context); }; });// Backbone.View
// -------------// Backbone Views are almost more convention than they are actual code. A View
// is simply a JavaScript object that represents a logical chunk of UI in the // DOM. This might be a single item, an entire list, a sidebar or panel, or // even the surrounding frame which wraps your whole app. Defining a chunk of // UI as a View allows you to define your DOM events declaratively, without // having to worry about render order ... and makes it easy for the view to // react to specific changes in the state of your models.// Creating a Backbone.View creates its initial element outside of the DOM,
// if an existing element is not provided... var View = Backbone.View = function(options) { this.cid = _.uniqueId('view'); options || (options = {}); _.extend(this, _.pick(options, viewOptions)); this._ensureElement(); this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); this.delegateEvents(); };// Cached regex to split keys for delegate.
// List of view options to be merged as properties.
var viewOptions = ['model', 'collection', 'el', 'id', 'attributes', 'className', 'tagName', 'events'];// Set up all inheritable Backbone.View properties and methods.
_.extend(View.prototype, Events, {// The default `tagName` of a View's element is `"div"`.tagName: 'div',// jQuery delegate for element lookup, scoped to DOM elements within the// current view. This should be preferred to global lookups where possible.$: function(selector) { return this.$el.find(selector);},// Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own// initialization logic.initialize: function(){},// **render** is the core function that your view should override, in order// to populate its element (`this.el`), with the appropriate HTML. The// convention is for **render** to always return `this`.render: function() { return this;},// Remove this view by taking the element out of the DOM, and removing any// applicable Backbone.Events listeners.remove: function() { this.$el.remove(); this.stopListening(); return this;},// Change the view's element (`this.el` property), including event// re-delegation.setElement: function(element, delegate) { if (this.$el) this.undelegateEvents(); this.$el = element instanceof Backbone.$ ? element : Backbone.$(element); this.el = this.$el[0]; if (delegate !== false) this.delegateEvents(); return this;},// Set callbacks, where `this.events` is a hash of//// *{"event selector": "callback"}*//// {// 'mousedown .title': 'edit',// 'click .button': 'save',// 'click .open': function(e) { ... }// }//// pairs. Callbacks will be bound to the view, with `this` set properly.// Uses event delegation for efficiency.// Omitting the selector binds the event to `this.el`.// This only works for delegate-able events: not `focus`, `blur`, and// not `change`, `submit`, and `reset` in Internet Explorer.delegateEvents: function(events) { if (!(events || (events = _.result(this, 'events')))) return this; this.undelegateEvents(); for (var key in events) { var method = events[key]; if (!_.isFunction(method)) method = this[events[key]]; if (!method) continue; var match = key.match(delegateEventSplitter); var eventName = match[1], selector = match[2]; method = _.bind(method, this); eventName += '.delegateEvents' + this.cid; if (selector === '') { this.$el.on(eventName, method); } else { this.$el.on(eventName, selector, method); } } return this;},// Clears all callbacks previously bound to the view with `delegateEvents`.// You usually don't need to use this, but may wish to if you have multiple// Backbone views attached to the same DOM element.undelegateEvents: function() { this.$el.off('.delegateEvents' + this.cid); return this;},// Ensure that the View has a DOM element to render into.// If `this.el` is a string, pass it through `$()`, take the first// matching element, and re-assign it to `el`. Otherwise, create// an element from the `id`, `className` and `tagName` properties._ensureElement: function() { if (!this.el) { var attrs = _.extend({}, _.result(this, 'attributes')); if (this.id) attrs.id = _.result(this, 'id'); if (this.className) attrs['class'] = _.result(this, 'className'); var $el = Backbone.$('<' + _.result(this, 'tagName') + '>').attr(attrs); this.setElement($el, false); } else { this.setElement(_.result(this, 'el'), false); }} });
// Backbone.sync
// -------------// Override this function to change the manner in which Backbone persists
// models to the server. You will be passed the type of request, and the // model in question. By default, makes a RESTful Ajax request // to the model'surl(). Some possible customizations could be: // // * Use setTimeout to batch rapid-fire updates into a single request. // * Send up the models as XML instead of JSON. // * Persist models via WebSockets instead of Ajax. // // Turn on Backbone.emulateHTTP in order to send PUT and DELETE requests // as POST, with a _method parameter containing the true HTTP method, // as well as all requests with the body as application/x-www-form-urlencoded // instead of application/json with the model in a param named model. // Useful when interfacing with server-side languages like PHP that make // it difficult to read the body of PUT requests. Backbone.sync = function(method, model, options) { var type = methodMap[method]; // Default options, unless specified._.defaults(options || (options = {}), { emulateHTTP: Backbone.emulateHTTP, emulateJSON: Backbone.emulateJSON});// Default JSON-request options.var params = {type: type, dataType: 'json'};// Ensure that we have a URL.if (!options.url) { params.url = _.result(model, 'url') || urlError();}// Ensure that we have the appropriate request data.if (options.data == null && model && (method === 'create' || method === 'update' || method === 'patch')) { params.contentType = 'application/json'; params.data = JSON.stringify(options.attrs || model.toJSON(options));}// For older servers, emulate JSON by encoding the request into an HTML-form.if (options.emulateJSON) { params.contentType = 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded'; params.data = params.data ? {model: params.data} : {};}// For older servers, emulate HTTP by mimicking the HTTP method with `_method`// And an `X-HTTP-Method-Override` header.if (options.emulateHTTP && (type === 'PUT' || type === 'DELETE' || type === 'PATCH')) { params.type = 'POST'; if (options.emulateJSON) params.data._method = type; var beforeSend = options.beforeSend; options.beforeSend = function(xhr) { xhr.setRequestHeader('X-HTTP-Method-Override', type); if (beforeSend) return beforeSend.apply(this, arguments); };}// Don't process data on a non-GET request.if (params.type !== 'GET' && !options.emulateJSON) { params.processData = false;}// If we're sending a `PATCH` request, and we're in an old Internet Explorer// that still has ActiveX enabled by default, override jQuery to use that// for XHR instead. Remove this line when jQuery supports `PATCH` on IE8.if (params.type === 'PATCH' && noXhrPatch) { params.xhr = function() { return new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); };}// Make the request, allowing the user to override any Ajax options.var xhr = options.xhr = Backbone.ajax(_.extend(params, options));model.trigger('request', model, xhr, options);return xhr; };
var noXhrPatch =
typeof window !== 'undefined' && !!window.ActiveXObject && !(window.XMLHttpRequest && (new XMLHttpRequest).dispatchEvent);// Map from CRUD to HTTP for our default Backbone.sync implementation.
// Set the default implementation of Backbone.ajax to proxy through to $.
// Backbone.Router
// ---------------// Routers map faux-URLs to actions, and fire events when routes are
// matched. Creating a new one sets itsroutes hash, if not set statically. var Router = Backbone.Router = function(options) { options || (options = {}); if (options.routes) this.routes = options.routes; this._bindRoutes(); this.initialize.apply(this, arguments); }; // Cached regular expressions for matching named param parts and splatted
// parts of route strings. var optionalParam = /((.*?))/g; var namedParam = /((\?)?:\w+/g; var splatParam = /*\w+/g; var escapeRegExp = /[-{}[]+?.,\\^$|#\s]/g;// Set up all inheritable Backbone.Router properties and methods.
_.extend(Router.prototype, Events, {// Initialize is an empty function by default. Override it with your own// initialization logic.initialize: function(){},// Manually bind a single named route to a callback. For example://// this.route('search/:query/p:num', 'search', function(query, num) {// ...// });//route: function(route, name, callback) { if (!_.isRegExp(route)) route = this._routeToRegExp(route); if (_.isFunction(name)) { callback = name; name = ''; } if (!callback) callback = this[name]; var router = this; Backbone.history.route(route, function(fragment) { var args = router._extractParameters(route, fragment); router.execute(callback, args); router.trigger.apply(router, ['route:' + name].concat(args)); router.trigger('route', name, args); Backbone.history.trigger('route', router, name, args); }); return this;},// Execute a route handler with the provided parameters. This is an// excellent place to do pre-route setup or post-route cleanup.execute: function(callback, args) { if (callback) callback.apply(this, args);},// Simple proxy to `Backbone.history` to save a fragment into the history.navigate: function(fragment, options) { Backbone.history.navigate(fragment, options); return this;},// Bind all defined routes to `Backbone.history`. We have to reverse the// order of the routes here to support behavior where the most general// routes can be defined at the bottom of the route map._bindRoutes: function() { if (!this.routes) return; this.routes = _.result(this, 'routes'); var route, routes = _.keys(this.routes); while ((route = routes.pop()) != null) { this.route(route, this.routes[route]); }},// Convert a route string into a regular expression, suitable for matching// against the current location hash._routeToRegExp: function(route) { route = route.replace(escapeRegExp, '\\$&') .replace(optionalParam, '(?:$1)?') .replace(namedParam, function(match, optional) { return optional ? match : '([^/?]+)'; }) .replace(splatParam, '([^?]*?)'); return new RegExp('^' + route + '(?:\\?([\\s\\S]*))?$');},// Given a route, and a URL fragment that it matches, return the array of// extracted decoded parameters. Empty or unmatched parameters will be// treated as `null` to normalize cross-browser behavior._extractParameters: function(route, fragment) { var params = route.exec(fragment).slice(1); return _.map(params, function(param, i) { // Don't decode the search params. if (i === params.length - 1) return param || null; return param ? decodeURIComponent(param) : null; });} });
// Backbone.History
// ----------------// Handles cross-browser history management, based on either
// and real URLs, or // // and URL fragments. If the browser supports neither (old IE, natch), // falls back to polling. var History = Backbone.History = function() { this.handlers = []; _.bindAll(this, 'checkUrl');// Ensure that `History` can be used outside of the browser.if (typeof window !== 'undefined') { this.location = window.location; this.history = window.history;} };
// Cached regex for stripping a leading hash/slash and trailing space.
var routeStripper = /^[#\/]|\s+$/g;// Cached regex for stripping leading and trailing slashes.
var rootStripper = /^\/+|\/+$/g;// Cached regex for detecting MSIE.
var isExplorer = /msie [\w.]+/;// Cached regex for removing a trailing slash.
var trailingSlash = /\/$/;// Cached regex for stripping urls of hash.
var pathStripper = /#.*$/;// Has the history handling already been started?
History.started = false;// Set up all inheritable Backbone.History properties and methods.
_.extend(History.prototype, Events, {// The default interval to poll for hash changes, if necessary, is// twenty times a second.interval: 50,// Are we at the app root?atRoot: function() { return this.location.pathname.replace(/[^\/]$/, '$&/') === this.root;},// Gets the true hash value. Cannot use location.hash directly due to bug// in Firefox where location.hash will always be decoded.getHash: function(window) { var match = (window || this).location.href.match(/#(.*)$/); return match ? match[1] : '';},// Get the cross-browser normalized URL fragment, either from the URL,// the hash, or the override.getFragment: function(fragment, forcePushState) { if (fragment == null) { if (this._hasPushState || !this._wantsHashChange || forcePushState) { fragment = decodeURI(this.location.pathname + this.location.search); var root = this.root.replace(trailingSlash, ''); if (!fragment.indexOf(root)) fragment = fragment.slice(root.length); } else { fragment = this.getHash(); } } return fragment.replace(routeStripper, '');},// Start the hash change handling, returning `true` if the current URL matches// an existing route, and `false` otherwise.start: function(options) { if (History.started) throw new Error("Backbone.history has already been started"); History.started = true; // Figure out the initial configuration. Do we need an iframe? // Is pushState desired ... is it available? this.options = _.extend({root: '/'}, this.options, options); this.root = this.options.root; this._wantsHashChange = this.options.hashChange !== false; this._wantsPushState = !!this.options.pushState; this._hasPushState = !!(this.options.pushState && this.history && this.history.pushState); var fragment = this.getFragment(); var docMode = document.documentMode; var oldIE = (isExplorer.exec(navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase()) && (!docMode || docMode <= 7)); // Normalize root to always include a leading and trailing slash. this.root = ('/' + this.root + '/').replace(rootStripper, '/'); if (oldIE && this._wantsHashChange) { var frame = Backbone.$(' });
// Create the default Backbone.history.
Backbone.history = new History;// Helpers
// -------// Helper function to correctly set up the prototype chain, for subclasses.
// Similar togoog.inherits, but uses a hash of prototype properties and // class properties to be extended. var extend = function(protoProps, staticProps) { var parent = this; var child; // The constructor function for the new subclass is either defined by you// (the "constructor" property in your `extend` definition), or defaulted// by us to simply call the parent's constructor.if (protoProps && _.has(protoProps, 'constructor')) { child = protoProps.constructor;} else { child = function(){ return parent.apply(this, arguments); };}// Add static properties to the constructor function, if supplied._.extend(child, parent, staticProps);// Set the prototype chain to inherit from `parent`, without calling// `parent`'s constructor function.var Surrogate = function(){ this.constructor = child; };Surrogate.prototype = parent.prototype;child.prototype = new Surrogate;// Add prototype properties (instance properties) to the subclass,// if supplied.if (protoProps) _.extend(child.prototype, protoProps);// Set a convenience property in case the parent's prototype is needed// later.child.__super__ = parent.prototype;return child; };
// Set up inheritance for the model, collection, router, view and history.
Model.extend = Collection.extend = Router.extend = View.extend = History.extend = extend;// Throw an error when a URL is needed, and none is supplied.
var urlError = function() { throw new Error('A "url" property or function must be specified'); };// Wrap an optional error callback with a fallback error event.
var wrapError = function(model, options) { var error = options.error; options.error = function(resp) { if (error) error(model, resp, options); model.trigger('error', model, resp, options); }; };return Backbone;
}));